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Guide to Research: Campaigns and Elections

This is a guide for researching Presidential, state and local campaigns and elections. US political systems can be compared with elections in other countries. A candidate’s party, the party platform, the candidate’s media statements and speeches, the candidate’s views on issues from the environment to tax policy are considerations when conducting research on campaigns and elections. Public opinion, how votes are calculated, and the composition of districts are also considerations. This guide can be found online at http://www.library.georgetown.edu/dept/govdocs/campaigns.htm

I. Directories & Guides


GovDocs  Stacks American Presidential Campaigns & Elections Ref JK1965 .A57 2003
Chronological Presidential election facts in encyclopedia form. Historical pictorials are included.

GovDocs  Stacks Concise Encyclopedia of Ethics in Politics and the Media PN4756 .C66 2001

GovDocs  Stacks Federal Election Commission Campaign Guide: Corporations and Labor Organizations Gov Docs Stx Y3.EL 2/3:13 C 81/2007

GovDocs  Stacks Guide to U.S. Elections from Congressional Quarterly - Ref JK1967 .C662 2001

GovDocs  Stacks Historical Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections, 1788-2004 Ref G1201.F9 H5 2006

GovDocs  Stacks How to Research Elections Z7164.R4 M37 2000
This book contains an extensive bibliography with brief summaries of each book from Why Reagan Won: A Narrative History of the Conservative Movement, 1964-1981 to Televised Presidential Debates: Advocacy in Contemporary America to Making Campaigns Count: Leadership and Coalition-Building in 1980.

GU only LexisNexis Congressional (off-campus access)
Provides access to the full-text of bills, laws and regulation regarding campaigns and elections. It also provides biographical information about current members of Congress.


II. Media

C-SPAN <http://www.c-span.org/>
Enter search terms such as “campaign ads” or “campaigning”

CNN <http://edition.cnn.com/ELECTION/2008/>

The New York Times <http://www.nytimes.com/>
The New York TimesPolitics” section tracks politics and politicians; the 'Politics Navigator' lists political parties and lobby groups from People for the American Way to Emily’s List.

The Washington Post >http://www.washingtonpost.com/>
The Post's 'Politics' section follows political news through regular columns, features, and blogs.

III.  Political Party Official Pages

Project Vote Smart <http://www.vote-smart.org/resource_political_resources.php?category=1>
A comprehensive list of political parties, with contact information and links to web sites for each party listed. Project Vote Smart is a non-partisan and non-profit organization that gathers and publishes data on political parties and candidates in the United States.


IV. Public Interest Groups and Related Organizations

American National Election Studies <http://www.electionstudies.org/>
A University of Michigan survey research center which produces results similar to the Gallup Poll’s from studies on the American electorate in presidential and midterm election years and pilot studies in odd-numbered years.

Campaign Finance Institute <http://www.cfinst.org/>
The Campaign Finance Institute is a non-partisan, non-profit institute, affiliated with The George Washington University, that conducts objective research and education, empanels task forces and makes recommendations for policy change in the field of campaign finance. (from the site)

Campaign Legal Center <http://www.campaignlegalcenter.org/>
The Campaign Legal Center is a nonpartisan, nonprofit organization which works in the areas of campaign finance and elections, political communication and government ethics. The Legal Center offers nonpartisan analyses of issues and represents the public interest in administrative, legislative and legal proceedings. (from the site)

Center for Voting & Democracy <http://www.fairvote.org/index.php>
A nonprofit organization which educates the public about the impact of voting systems and political representation, proportional representation, voter turnout, and the influence of money in elections.

Commission on Presidential Debates <http://www.debates.org/>
A nonprofit, nonpartisan corporation which sponsored the 1988, 1992, 1996, 2000, and 2004 Presidential debates.

Election Data Services <http://www.electiondataservices.com/home.htm>
EDS is a Washington, D.C.-based political consulting firm specializing in redistricting, election administration, and the analysis and presentation of census and political data. EDS tracks voting equipment use to reapportionment and produces studies on the election subjects.

The Gallup Organization <http://www.gallup.com/>
The Gallup Organization is known for “The Gallup Poll”-conducting polling, or survey research. Search the site for the most recent results of polls on a wide range of national and international issues.

League of Conservation Voters <http://www.lcv.org/>
National Environmental Scorecard <http://www.lcv.org/scorecard/>
Superfund voting to oil refineries to Yellowstone snowmobiles-LCV scores congressional representatives voting on and for the environment. Also consider other coalitions that perform voter registration, i.e., APIA Vote www.apiavote.org

League of Women Voters <http://www.lwv.org/>
The League of Women Voters is a nonpartisan political organization founded in 1920 to impact national, state, and local issues and legislation through grassroots organization.

OpenSecrets.org <http://www.opensecrets.org/>
An invaluable site that tracks overall financial information related to elections: members of congress, committees, congressional races, and political parties. Find out which organizations gave money to individual politicians; search by name or state to track donation history.

Politics1 <http://www.politics1.com>
A comprehensive website with links to both national and statewide candidates’ campaign websites and websites criticizing the candidates.

Project VoteSmart <http://www.vote-smart.org/>
Nonpartisan nonprofit organization which provides information about candidates, their speeches and campaign finances. The Voter’s Self-Defense Manual and The Reporter’s Source Book are free to download from the PVS website.

Public Campaign <http://www.publicampaign.org/>
Public Campaign is a non-profit, non-partisan group working to reform campaign finance.

Roper Center for Public Opinion Research <http://www.ropercenter.uconn.edu/>
University of Connecticut supported website with public opinion polls and Presidential election poll results.

U.S. PIRG–The Federation of State PIRGs <http://www.pirg.org/>
U.S. PIRG is a federation of state Public Interest Research Groups (PIRGs) that work on impacting legislation on a wide range of public issues. A special section on Voting and Democracy <http://www.uspirg.org/voting-democracy> focuses on campaigns and elections.

 

V. U.S. Government Resources

Electoral College <http://www.archives.gov/federal-register/electoral-college/index.html>
What exactly is the Electoral College? Who are the Electors and how did they vote in the last election? Find out at this site from the National Archives.

Federal Election Commission <http://www.fec.gov/>
This regulatory agency governs the financing of federal elections and has information on limits of individual and corporate donations to matching fund guidelines of The Presidential Public Funding Program. Search here for Campaign Finance Reports and Data.

House of Representatives, Clerk of the House, Election Statistics <http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/index.html>
Comprehensive statistics of state by state election results are kept by the House of Representatives Clerk of the House. The numbers of Senators and Representatives from each congress are listed in charts.

Internal Revenue Service Tax Information for Political Organizations <http://www.irs.gov/charities/political/index.html>
Lists tax filing information for political organizations. Political organization disclosures, i.e., Restaurant Association of Maryland Political Action Committee and Bank of America Virginia Political Action Committee, can be searched. Use Advanced Search to search by Custodian Mailing Address and Date of Material Change.

U.S. Department of State - USINFO.STATE.GOV <http://usinfo.state.gov/politics/elections/>
This site provides summaries about the history of U.S. political parties and elections procedures and includes information about voting, issues, and candidates.

U.S. Census Bureau - Voting & Registration <http://www.census.gov/population/www/socdemo/voting.html>
Find information on voting and registration demographics, such as race, age, sex, Hispanic origin, and educational attainment for the U.S., states, and regions.


VI. Books & Monographs

A. Books can provide useful information on Presidential, state and local campaigns and elections. Use GEORGE, the online catalog of Lauinger Library, to find books by subject, title, or author, or keyword.

To search by SUBJECT:
GEORGE uses Library of Congress Subject Headings. These are the topics assigned the book by the Library of Congress, i.e., Campaign Speeches -- United States or Communication in Politics.

Two ways of finding the Library of Congress Subject Headings for a topic are:
· Consult the Library of Congress Subject Headings, the large red volumes shelved in the dictionary stand, near the Reference Desk.

· Perform a KEYWORD search in GEORGE for one or more of the terms which best describe your search. For example the search "campaign and election", will create a set of records containing both words. If the set is too large, select LIMIT, then select one of the ways of limiting.

From this set, view the items which seem most relevant. The Library of Congress Subject Headings assigned to the book will appear in the part of the "Full Record" tab labeled "Subject" or the tab in GEORGE that says "Find Similar Items". If a subject heading looks promising, click on it or use it for further searches. By trying a variety of subject headings for your topic, you will find the best books for your research.



VII. Other Resources


Reference Stacks
America Votes Stacks & Reference JK1967 .A8

Reference Stacks Campaign Speeches of American Presidential Candidates
1928-1972 E743 .C235
1948-1984 E743 .C236 1985

WebElection Resources on the Internet <http://electionresources.org/>
Free online resource with links to websites containing publicly available election data and other electoral information for over 120 countries, including the United States.

Web ICPSR Data Collections <http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/>
Provides access to computerized social science data collected by the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research, a membership-bases, not-for-profit organization serving member colleges in the United States and abroad. To retrieve data contact Clyde Wilcox in the Government Department. For SAS and SPSS classes with Ru-san Chen, register at http://uis.georgetown.edu/training/

Reference Stacks A Statistical History of the American Electorate LAU Ref Stx JK 1967.R87 2001
A comprehensive list of statistics, mainly raw numbers on Presidential, House, Senate and Gubernatorial elections.

Reference Stacks The National Commission on Federal Election Reform’s
To Assure Pride and Confidence in the Electoral Process: Report of the National Commission on Federal Election Reform

LAU Stx JK1965 .N38 2002

University of Virginia’s Miller Center for Public Affairs <http://www.millercenter.virginia.edu/>



Content updated: 01/08, kb
Links updated: 01/08, kb

 

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