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THE MARTIN S. QUIGLEY PAPERS
The Martin S. Quigley Papers consist of correspondence, manuscripts,
notes and photocopies of government documents, most of which was used in
the writing and research of Martin S. Quigley's book, Peace Without
Hiroshima (1990). The papers comprise 6 linear feet of material contained
in 4 boxes and are arranged into five Series: The Family Correspondence
Series, the Research Correspondence Series, the Government Documents
Series, the Manuscripts and Notes Series, and the Books Series.
Martin S. Quigley was born in Chicago in 1917, the son of Martin J.
Quigley, the distinguished publisher and editor of several influential
motion picture trade journals. Martin S. Quigley attended Georgetown
University and received an A.B. in 1939, graduating first in his class.
Quigley was then trained as a reporter and film reviewer for the Motion
Picture Herald and the Motion Picture Daily. In the Spring of
1942, Martin S. Quigley helped set up the first U.S. Government newsreel
for distribution in neutral countries. From November, 1942 to September,
1945 he was a secret undercover member of the Office of Strategic
Services (O.S.S.) of the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff, having been
recruited for intelligence work abroad by General William J. Donovan.
From May to December, 1943, Quigley traveled in Great Britain
and Ireland (then Eire) as a representative of Quigley Publishing
and the Motion Picture Producers & Distributors of America. During this
time he sent regular reports to the MPPDA and the OSS about how film was
being used in Ireland during the war and on general issues on the island
such as neutrality and local sentiments about the war. After returning to
the United States for almost a year, Quigley was sent to Italy by the OSS
with specific focus on Vatican City. While there, Quigley was notified by
Donovan to contact the Japanese Ambassador to the Vatican, Ken Harada,
to make an offer for peace negotiations through the Vatican in
the Summer of 1945. Harada sent two telegrams to Tokyo concerning the
possibility of the negotiations, but received no replies; meanwhile, U.S.
intelligence intercepted these telegrams and prepared what is known as
"MAGIC" Diplomatic Summaries for use in Washington. Hence, even though
Washington and Tokyo knew of possible negotiations in Vatican City (as
well as through other neutral countries), peace did not come about until
after the atomic bombs had been dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
In September, 1945 Martin S. Quigley was discharged from
the O.S.S. and continued to work for Quigley Publications. In 1946 he
married Katherine J. Dunphy and the two moved to Larchmont, New York where
they have lived ever since and raised their nine children.
Over the years, Martin S. Quigley has edited motion picture industry
periodicals and written a number of books: Great Gaels, Roman Notes, Magic
Shadows, New Screen Techniques (ed.), Catholic Action in Practice (with
Msgr. Edward Connors), Films in America: 1919 - 1969 (with Richard
Gertner), and a dissertation, Government Relations of Five Universities in
Washington, D.C. In 1975, Quigley received a Doctor of Education
from Columbia University and soon began teaching graduate courses
in college and university administration mostly at Baruch College of the
City University of New York. From 1977 to 1984 he was engaged in local
politics, elected first a Trustee and then Mayor of Larchmont. In 1984,
he decided not to run for a third term in order to have time to write a
book on his peace initiative at the Vatican. Peace Without Hiroshima was
published in 1990. The Family Correspondence Series primarily
consists of letters sent by Martin S. Quigley to his parents while he was
on missions in Great Britain, Ireland and Italy during World War II.
His letters from Ireland are particularly interesting with references
to meetings with Eamon de Valera and other Irish notables. In Italy,
Quigley was not able to be as open about his activities in letters home,
but he does tell of a personal audience with Pius XII and discusses
general conditions in Italy and neighboring areas. Also contained in this
series are all other original materials from the war period contained in
the collection, including original State Department pamphlets, wartime
Italian banknotes and some letters between Quigley and members of the
Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America, such as Will Hays
and Carl E. Milliken. The Research Correspondence Series
primarily consists of correspondence between Martin S. Quigley and those
helping him in his research for Peace Without Hiroshima. These
correspondents include fellow O.S.S. veterans such as Earl Brennan and R.
Carter Nicholas; historians such as Gaddis Smith and Richard J.
Sommers; clergy members such as Robert A. Graham, S.J., Patrick O'Connor,
Egidio Cardinal Vagnozzi; and Japanese officials such as Ken Harada,
Augustin Masahide Kanayama and Bishop Benedict Tomizawa. The extensive
correspondence between Quigley, Brennan and Graham are particularly
interesting, with numerous accounts of the O.S.S. and its early history.
The Government Documents Series primarily consists
of photocopies of O.S.S. files pertaining to Martin S. Quigley
and "MAGIC" Diplomatic Summaries, all obtained by Quigley through
the Freedom of Information Act as research material for his book. These
files contain numerous reports on the state of affairs in Ireland, Italy
and Yugoslavia during World War II. Many documents are authored by
Whitney Shepardson, Earl Brennan, General William J. Donovan, R. Carter
Nicholas and Martin J. Quigley. The Manuscripts and Notes
Series primarily consists of typed manuscripts of Peace Without Hiroshima
by Martin S. Quigley, along with many handwritten notes and clippings
pertaining to his research for the book. The Books Series
contains three books used by Quigley in writing Peace Without Hiroshima:
Gli Americani in Italia by Roberto Faenza and Marco Fini; Overseas Branch
of the Office of War Information, a dissertation by Robert Lee Bishop, and
a book in Japanese by Augustin Masahide Kanayama about his
diplomatic mission to the Vatican during World War II.
- : - : - : - : - : - : - : - : - : - : - Extent: 6 linear
feet Number of Boxes: 4 Bulk dates: 1940 - 1990 Span dates: 1937 -
1990 Provenance: Gift of Martin S. Quigley, 1991. Processed by:
Michael J. North Date: November 19, 1991
- : - : - : - :
- : - : - : - : - : - : -
Abbreviations
ALS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Autograph Letter
Signed
AMs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Autograph
Manuscript
ANS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Autograph Note
Signed
TLS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Typed Letter
Signed
TMs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Typed Manuscript
ACCESSION DATA: Gift of Martin S. Quigley, 1991.
BULK DATES: 1940 - 1990
SPAN DATES: 1937 - 1990
EXTENT: 4 boxes
SERIES
SERIES: 1. Family Correspondence Series
SERIES: 2. Research Correspondence Series
SERIES: 3. Government Documents Series
SERIES DESCRIPTION: Government documents, nearly all photocopies, collected by Martin S.Quigley during research for his book, "Peace Without Hiroshima."
SERIES: 4. Manuscripts & Notes Series
SERIES DESCRIPTION: Manuscripts and notes almost all by Martin S. Quigley and relating to hisbook, "Peace Without Hiroshima."
SERIES: 5. Books Series
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