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Guide to Research: U.S. Economic Indicators

Economic indicators are statistical measures which reflect the overall state of the economy.  They are compiled primarily from data generated by government agencies.  This guide provides links to specific indicators and key agency home pages.  Many economic indicator statistics can be found in more than one source; in this guide, under Specific Indicators, the orginating source with the most current data is given.  The organization of the specific indicators is based on Frumkin's Guide to Economic Indicators (#30 below) which gives release dates, relevance, and analysis.  The print resources listed below are located in the Lauinger Library Reference area except as noted.  If you encounter problems finding the statistics you need, consult a Reference Librarian.  This guide can be found online at http://www.library.georgetown.edu/guides/econindicators/

 

 


I. Current Indicators

A. Specific Indicators  

Business Cycle/Leading Indicators from the Conference Board
 <http://www.tcb-indicators.org/Us/LatestReleases/index.cfm> (Lauinger subscribes only to the press release; find also via GEORGE,   search by title Business Cycle Indicators.)

Consumer/Commercial Sectors
- Consumer Expenditure Survey <http://www.bls.gov/cex/>
- Retail Sales <http://www.census.gov/svsd/www/fullpub.html>
- Home Sales <http://www.census.gov/const/www/newressalesindex.html>
- Personal Income and Outlays <http://www.bea.gov/newsreleases/national/pi/pinewsrelease.htm> see also in Survey of Current Business #9 in this list.
- Corporate Profits <http://www.bea.gov/newsreleases/national/gdp/2007/gdp307p.htm>

Economic Well-Being
- Distribution of Income <http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/income/incomestats.html>
- Distribution of Wealth (Survey of Consumer Finances) <http://www.federalreserve.gov/pubs/oss/oss2/scfindex.html>
- Poverty <http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/poverty.html>

GDP
- News release from the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) <http://www.bea.gov/bea/newsrel/gdpnewsrelease.htm>
- GDP in Survey of Current Business <http://www.bea.gov/bea/pubs.htm> (Selected NIPA Tables)
- NIPA (National Income and Product Accounts) <http://www.bea.gov/National/Index.htm>

Government Budgets and Debt
- Official Federal Budget <http://www.gpoaccess.gov/usbudget/browse.html>
- Monthly Treasury Statement <http://www.fms.treas.gov/mts/index.html>
- Consolidated Federal Funds Report <http://www.census.gov/govs/www/cffr.html> (Census Bureau's summary table on annual   federal   expenditures; 2 yr. lag.)
 -Congressional Budget Office's Current Budget Projections <http://www.cbo.gov/budget/budproj.shtml>

Industrial Sectors
- Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization Index <http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/G17/>
- Manufacturer's Orders <http://www.census.gov/indicator/www/m3/index.html>
- New Construction <http://www.census.gov/prod/www/abs/c30.html>
- Housing Starts <http://www.census.gov/const/www/newresconstindex.html>
- Energy <http://www.eia.doe.gov/>    

International Trade and Finance
- International Investment Position of the U.S. (Select issue of Survey of Current Business; scroll to International Data: Investment   Tables)     <http://www.bea.gov/bea/pubs.htm>

Labor/Employment
- Employment & Unemployment <http://www.bls.gov/bls/employment.htm>
- Wages, Earnings, & Benefits <http://www.bls.gov/bls/wages.htm>
- Average Weekly Earnings <http://www.bls.gov/news.release/empsit.t16.htm>
- Average Weekly Hours/Production <http://www.bls.gov/news.release/empsit.t15.htm>
- Initial Claims <http://www.dol.gov/opa/media/press/eta/main.htm> (ETA Press Release: Unemployment Insurance Weekly Claims)
- Release Dates for Bureau of Labor Statistics Economic Indicators <http://www.bls.gov/schedule/schedule/by_prog/all_sched.htm>

Money, Credit, Interest Rates
- Bank Loans Commercial and Industrial <http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h8/>
- Consumer Credit - <http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g19/>
- Interest Rates - <http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/h15/update/> Federal Reserve: Selected rates: daily, weekly, monthly.
- Interest Rates - Dept. of the Treasury<http://www.ustreas.gov/offices/domestic-finance/debt-management/interest- rate/index.html>

Prices/Inflation
- Inflation and Consumer Spending <http://www.bls.gov/bls/inflation.htm>
- Consumer Price Index <http://www.bls.gov/cpi/home.htm>
- Producer Price Indexes <http://www.bls.gov/ppi/home.htm>

Stock Indexes
- BigCharts<http://bigcharts.marketwatch.com/> The Industries category gives Dow Jones Indexes by major industry, Markets tracks major market  indexes.
- CNN Money <http://money.cnn.com/markets/us_markets.html>
- Common Stock Prices and Yields (Source: U. S. Congress; select current issue of Economic Indicators and scroll to #31) <http://www.access.gpo.gov/indicators/index.html>


  B. General Compilations of Economic Indicators

1. WebCensus Economic Briefing Rooms.   <http://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/briefroom/BriefRm>
This Bureau of the Census (U.S. Dept. of Commerce) site offers charts and data on several areas of the economy on which it collects data.  Contains current and some historical data, definitions, FAQs, descriptions of methodology, and analysis.  Coverage of industrial, trade, and income related indicators.

2. WebEconomic Calendar.  <http://biz.yahoo.com/calendar/>
This list, maintained by Yahoo, provides the government and commercial indicators on the day of their release.  It also offers links to definitions and some historical data.

3. WebEcon Data & Links.<http://zimmer.csufresno.edu/~johnsh/econ/econ_EDL.htm>
Private site.  Current economic statistics in table format.  Where feasible, links were chosen to provide access to time series or related data.

4.Web Economagic. <http://www.economagic.com/>
A private site offering over 100,000 economic time series data.  Lauinger does not subscribe to the forecasts or Excel files.

5. WebReference StacksEconomic Indicators.  Monthly. 1959- . <http://www.access.gpo.gov/indicators/index..html> and Gov. Docs. Desk Y4.Ec7:Ec7
Economic Indicators is a monthly publication of the U.S. Congress's Council of Economic Advisors.  It offers the complete range of economic indicators.  Click on Economic Indicators to browse individual issues and get the listing of indicator links.  Includes charts and tables.  Data are usually given annually for several years, along with monthly and quarterly data for the last three years.  Note: See Economic Indicators in GEORGE for earlier holdings.

6. WebLeading Economic Indicators (LEI) and Related Composites.  <http://www.tcb-indicators.org/Search/us_search.cfm>
The latest news release from the Conference Board.  It provides the composite leading index and its ten components. Click on a country and then on Latest Release.

7. Web Macroeconomic Time Series Data Source Locator <http://busecon.lib.uchicago.edu/>
This University of Chicago service provides you with a list of macroeconomic data sources categorized by year, geographic location and subject.  Sources include books, journals, CD-ROMs, and Internet sites.  Most are available in Lauinger Library.

8. GU onlySTAT-USA. (Lauinger Library only)
Real time data from the U.S. Dept. of Commerce, this online database provides access to the full text of over 3,000 government economic and trade-related sources, including numerous statistical series.  Most files are updated on the day of release, but some historical statistics are included.   Parts of this database may require a password; ask at the Reference Desk.

9.WebReference StacksSurvey of Current Business  <http://www.bea.gov/bea/pubs.htm>  Monthly. 1921- .  Gov. Docs. Desk
Data released by the Census Bureau and the Bureau of Economic Analysis are published here in greater detail.  Below the list of articles are broad topics for data in PDF format.  Primarily covers NIPA (National Income and Product Accounts) data and international trade statistics.  Includes personal income, industrial productivity, business sales and inventories, commodity prices, producer prices, labor force, and earnings.  Note: Check GEORGE for print holdings.

10.WebWhite House - Economic Statistics Briefing Room.  <http://www.whitehouse.gov/fsbr/esbr.html>
This Web site provides convenient access to very current U.S. Federal economic indicators.  Links to sites with statistics on production, output, income, employment, prices, money, and transportation.  A good place to start for the most current basic economic indicators for the U.S.
 

       C. Key Government Web Sites and Publications

11. WebReference StacksCPI Detailed Report   Monthly. 1964- . <http://www.bls.gov/cpi/>
Contains detailed consumer price index information.  Overall CPI figures for all items are included as well as indexes for specific items such as dairy products or footwear.  Also has data for major U.S. cities and regions, cross tabulated with population size classes. Note: Earlier years in Gov. Docs. L2.38/3.

12. WebReference StacksCurrent Employment Statistics  Monthly. 1955- . <http://www.bls.gov/ces/home.htm>  and Gov. Docs. Desk
The Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey of payroll records covers over 300,000 businesses on a monthly basis and provides detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls for the Nation.  Employment & Earnings, a monthly publication of the U.S. Census Bureau and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, has current data on employment, hours and earnings for the U.S, the states, and 200 localities.  Note: Earlier years on second floor.

13. WebFederal Reserve's "Beige Book: Summary of Commentary on Current Economic Conditions." <http://www.federalreserve.gov/FOMC/BeigeBook/1999/>
This is a narrative summary on the state of the economy from each Federal Reserve Bank District.  Offers reports from bank and branch directors and interviews with key business people and economists, as well as market reports and other sources.

14. WebFinancial Statistics from the Federal Reserve Board    <http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/>
Current statistical releases from the Federal Reserve.  Daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, and annual data on interest rates, exchange rates, money supply, consumer credit, flow of funds, etc.  Historical data are available on FRED <http://research.stlouisfed.org/fred/>.

15. WebReference StacksMonthly Labor Review.  <http://stats.bls.gov/opub/mlr/mlrhome.htm> Monthly. 1915- . Gov. Docs. Desk
Contains articles as well as a monthly statistics section on employment and earnings.  Covers less detail but a longer range of years than Employment and Earnings (see #12).  Note: Earlier years on second floor.

16. WebReference StacksNational Income and Product Accounts of the United States.  <http://www.bea.gov/bea/dn/nipaweb/index.asp>
This web page maintained by the Bureau of  Economic Advisors includes the most recent estimates of gross domestic product and its components.  It also provides current compilations of national income and product accounts (NIPA) statistics including measures of economic activity such as personal consumption of goods and services, investment, government purchases, and net exports.  Historical data in print version at Gov. Docs. Desk C59.11/5 Vol. 1 & 2.

17. WebReference StacksProducer Price Index.  <http://stats.bls.gov/ppi/>  Monthly with annual supplement. 1978- . Gov. Docs. Desk
Includes producer price indexes, categorized by stage of processing, industry groupings, and individual items.  Note: Earlier years in Gov. Docs. L2.61:.

18. WebReference StacksTreasury Bulletin.  <http://www.fms.treas.gov/bulletin/index.html>  Quarterly.  Gov. Docs. MF. T 3.103/2:
This report of federal fiscal operations includes details of federal debt, bonds, notes, market yield, and other federal financial obligations.  Positions of major foreign currencies are included, along with a profile of the domestic economy including growth of GDP, federal deficit, and rate of personal savings.  
 

II. Projections


19. WebReference StacksEconomic and Budget Outlook.  <http://www.cbo.gov/> Gov. Docs. Y 10.13
This Congressional Budget Office publication gives annual projections for 8-10 years for several basic indicators including GDP, CPI, unemployment, and the deficit.  The previous calendar year and historical issues (print ed.) are available in the Government Documents Dept.

20. WebFederal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia's Livingston Survey. <http://www.phil.frb.org/econ/liv/index.html>
The Livingston Survey was started in 1946 by the late economist Joseph A. Livingston, and is the oldest continuous survey of economists' expectations.  It summarizes the forecasts of economists from industry, government, banking, and academia on GDP growth rate, unemployment and consumer and producer inflation rates.  See also on the same page the Survey of Professional Forecasters.

21. GU onlyValue Line
The "Selection and Opinion" report in Value Line includes annual forecasts for the next four years and quarterly forecasts for the next seven quarters, for GNP, GDP, prices, wages, production, income, interest rates, and annualized rates of change.  From the PDF versions of Value Line reports (click on "Survey Issues"), select the latest "Selection and Opinion" and use the Table of Contents to locate the most current index.  In the index under "Features & Reports" find the page number for the most recent "Quarterly Economic Report" which contains the forecasts.  For help in locating Quarterly Economic Review within Value Line, ask a Reference Librarian. Also available from http://www.library.georgetown.edu/advisor/

 

III. Recent and Historic Data


22. Reference StacksBusiness Statistics of the United States.  Annual. 1953- .  Ref. HC 101 .A1312
A basic desk reference of historical information on the U.S. economy; includes updated information through the end of the latest full calendar year.   Offers 3000 economic time series mainly from federal government sources.  This is a compilation of the monthly statistical tables of Survey of Current Business (#9) and includes methodological notes.  Current volume has annual data for 1972 to end of last year.   Use the index to locate specific indicators. Note: Additional current copy at Gov. Docs. Desk HC101.A1312; earlier editions are located in the stacks.

23.GU only Reference StacksHistorical Statistics of the United States.  Ref. HA 202 .H57 2006
Includes most of the statistical series from Statistical Abstract (#25).  The electronic version is based on the five volume print edition of 2006 and contains a wide range of historical data from the earliest times to the present. Tables cover specific indicators such as employment, income, saving, poverty, construction, housing, consumer price indexes, and others. Additional print copy at Gov. Docs. Desk C3.134/2:C83.

24. Reference StacksStandard & Poor's Statistical Service.  Ref. Desk HG 4921 .S76
A compendium of current and historical statistics on the stock market and on U.S. economics in general.  Includes monthly figures for interest rates, the composite index of leading indicators, cost of living indexes, and U. S. government securities.  The "Current Statistics" section brings the other sections up-to-date on a monthly and annual basis.

25. WebReference StacksStatistical Abstract of the United States Annual. 1879- . <http://www.census.gov/compendia/statab.gov> and  Ref. Desk HA 202
A well indexed, comprehensive collection of statistics in tabular format. Includes basic statistics for a wide range of economic indicators.  The index leads to specific table numbers.  Each table lists the source of the statistics for further reference.  Note: Web site offers some previous years.  Current copies are at the Ref. Desk and Gov. Docs. Desk C3.134; earlier years in Ref. HA 202 and Gov. Docs. C3.134.  Also available on CD-ROM in Government Documents.. The CD-ROM version allows you to open tables in a spreadsheet program such as Excel.

IV. Handbooks


26. Reference StacksAtlas of Economic Indicators: a Visual Guide to Market Forces and the Federal Reserve. Ref. HC 59 .C28 1992
A guide to economic indicators which effect the major financial markets.  A narrative discussion of each indicator, emphasizing how and why it influences the stock and bond markets and the dollar, is supplemented with charts and graphs.

27. Reference StacksDictionary of U.S. Government Statistical Terms.  Gov. Docs. Desk HA 17 .D53 1991
Gives brief definitions of statistical terms and concepts used in federal government publications.  Indicates which agency(ies) uses the term and how each agency defines it.  Especially useful for terms where the government usage differs from the definition found in a basic economics or statistics dictionary or varies from agency to agency.

28. Reference StacksEconomic Indicators Handbook: Time Series, Conversions, Documentation. Ref. HC 101 .E385 2002
Contains national income and product accounts, including Gross National Product and Gross Domestic Product, composite indexes of indicators and subcomponents, Consumer Price Index for 26 cities as well as United States as a whole. Historical data goes back to at least 1951 when available and some to 1869.

29.Reference StacksFinding and Using Economic Information. Ref. 106 .J63 1993
Although not limited to economic indicators, this book offers in-depth explanations of the data that comprise the indicators. Arranged by category, i.e., price indices, labor markets, etc., there is an overview of the data and their significance, followed by a description of the data series in a standardized format which includes the source and release dates.

30. Reference StacksGuide to Economic Indicators.  Ref. Desk HC 103 .F9 2006
Includes information on over 60 economic indicators for the U.S. as well as a brief discussion of interpreting economic indicators generally.  Topics include labor, prices, production, housing, and economic well being.  The content, availability, accuracy, and relevance of each indicator is discussed.

31. Reference StacksHandbook of United States Economic and Financial Indicators.  Ref. HC 106.8 .O47 2000
Defines over 200 economic and financial indicators.  Each entry includes a brief description of the indicator, its derivation, how it is used, and its publisher or compiler.

32.Reference Stacks U.S. By the Numbers: Figuring What's Left, Right, and Wrong With America State By State. Ref. HC 106.82 .K43 2000
Detailed look at each of the 50 states of the U.S., using a variety of economic indicators.


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Content updated: 12/07 jc
Links updated: 12/07 jc

 

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